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ifcs2018_proceeding.tex
1 | +% JMF : revoir l'abstract : on y avait mis le Zynq7010 de la redpitaya en montrant | |
2 | +% comment optimiser les perfs a surface finie. Ici aussi on tombait dans le cas ou` | |
3 | +% la solution a 1 seul FIR n'etait simplement pas synthetisable => fusionner les deux | |
4 | +% contributions pour le papier TUFFC | |
5 | + | |
1 | 6 | \documentclass[a4paper,conference]{IEEEtran/IEEEtran} |
2 | 7 | \usepackage{graphicx,color,hyperref} |
3 | 8 | \usepackage{amsfonts} |
... | ... | @@ -92,7 +97,7 @@ |
92 | 97 | defining the coefficients and the sample size. For this reason, and because we consider pipeline |
93 | 98 | processing (as opposed to First-In, First-Out FIFO memory batch processing) of radiofrequency |
94 | 99 | signals, High Level Synthesis (HLS) languages \cite{kasbah2008multigrid} are not considered but |
95 | -the problem is tackled at the Very-high-speed-integrated-circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL). | |
100 | +the problem is tackled at the Very-high-speed-integrated-circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) level. | |
96 | 101 | Since latency is not an issue in a openloop phase noise characterization instrument, the large |
97 | 102 | numbre of taps in the FIR, as opposed to the shorter Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter, |
98 | 103 | is not considered as an issue as would be in a closed loop system. |
99 | 104 | |
... | ... | @@ -199,13 +204,13 @@ |
199 | 204 | \begin{align} |
200 | 205 | \begin{cases} |
201 | 206 | \mathcal{R}_i &= \mathcal{F}(N_i, C_i)\\ |
202 | - \mathcal{A}_i &= N_i * C_i + D_i\ | |
207 | + \mathcal{A}_i &= N_i \times (C_i + D_i)\ | |
203 | 208 | \Delta_i &= \Delta _{i-1} + \mathcal{P}_i |
204 | 209 | \end{cases} |
205 | 210 | \label{model-FIR} |
206 | 211 | \end{align} |
207 | -To explain the system \ref{model-FIR}, $\mathcal{R}_i$ represents the rejection of depending on $N_i$ and $C_i$, $\mathcal{A}$ | |
208 | -is a theoretical area occupation of the processing block on the FPGA, and $\Delta_i$ is the total rejection for the current stage $i$. | |
212 | +To explain the system \ref{model-FIR}, $\mathcal{R}_i$ represents the stopband rejection dependence with $N_i$ and $C_i$, $\mathcal{A}$ | |
213 | +is a theoretical area occupation of the processing block on the FPGA as discussed earlier, and $\Delta_i$ is the total rejection for the current stage $i$. | |
209 | 214 | Since the function $\mathcal{F}$ cannot be explictly expressed, we run simulations to determine the rejection depending |
210 | 215 | on $N_i$ and $C_i$. However, selecting the right filter requires a clear definition of the rejection criterion. Selecting an |
211 | 216 | incorrect criterion will lead the linear program solver to produce a solution which might not meet the user requirements. |
212 | 217 | |
... | ... | @@ -224,13 +229,17 @@ |
224 | 229 | \end{figure} |
225 | 230 | |
226 | 231 | The objective function maximizes the noise rejection ($\max(\Delta_{i_{\max}})$) while keeping resource occupation below |
227 | -a user-defined threshold. The MILP solver is allowed to choose the number of successive | |
232 | +a user-defined threshold, or aims at minimizing the area needed to reach a given rejection ($\min(S_q)$ in | |
233 | +the forthcoming discussion, Eqs. \ref{cstr_size} and \ref{cstr_rejection}). | |
234 | +The MILP solver is allowed to choose the number of successive | |
228 | 235 | filters, within an upper bound. The last problem is to model the noise rejection. Since filter |
229 | 236 | noise rejection capability is not modeled with linear equations, a look-up-table is generated |
230 | 237 | for multiple filter configurations in which the $C_i$, $D_i$ and $N_i$ parameters are varied: for each |
231 | -one of these conditions, the low-pass filter rejection defined as the mean power between | |
232 | -half the Nyquist frequency and the Nyquist frequency is stored as computed by the frequency response | |
233 | -of the digital filter (Fig. \ref{noise-rejection}). An intuitive analysis of this chart hints at an optimum | |
238 | +one of these conditions, the low-pass filter rejection is stored as computed by the frequency response | |
239 | +of the digital filter (Fig. \ref{noise-rejection}). Various rejection criteria have been investigated, | |
240 | +including mean value of the stopband response, median value of the stopband response, or as finally | |
241 | +selected, maximum value in the stopband. An intuitive analysis of the chart of Fig. \ref{noise-rejection} | |
242 | +hints at an optimum | |
234 | 243 | set of tap length and number of bit for representing the coefficients along the line of the pyramidal |
235 | 244 | shaped rejection capability function. |
236 | 245 | |
... | ... | @@ -304,7 +313,7 @@ |
304 | 313 | |
305 | 314 | The resource occupation when synthesizing such FIR on a Xilinx FPGA is summarized as Tab. \ref{t1}. |
306 | 315 | We have considered a set of resources representative of the hardware platform we work on, |
307 | -Avnet's Zedboard featuring a Xilinx XC7Z020-CLG484-1 Zynq System on Chip (SoC). The results on | |
316 | +Avnet's Zedboard featuring a Xilinx XC7Z020-CLG484-1 Zynq System on Chip (SoC). The results reported in | |
308 | 317 | Tab. \ref{t1} emphasize that implementing the monolithic single FIR is impossible due to |
309 | 318 | the insufficient hardware resources (exhausted LUT resources), while the FIR cascading 5 or 10 |
310 | 319 | filters fit in the available resources. However, in all cases the DSP resources are fully |